Презентация - Prepositions of place, direction and time. Предлоги места, направления и времени

Prepositions of place, direction and time. Предлоги места, направления и времени.

Предлоги в английском языке ━ одна из самых важных тем. Многие предлоги в английском языке не очерчены четкими правилами. Они не поддаются «железной английской логике», их надо просто ЗАПОМИНАТЬ. Ниже представлены основные предлоги места и направления. У части предлогов перевод близок. Разница лишь в употреблении. On – на In – в At – у, за To - в Into – в From – из, от Out of - из In front of – перед Behind - за In the middle – в середине Between – между Under – под Below – ниже Over – над Above – выше Near – около, рядом Next to – рядом, по соседству Along – по, вдоль

Prepositions of place. Where? Где?

Prepositions of place. Where? Куда? Direction – Направление Exercises. Olga opened the door and went ____ the house. ____ the table there were five plates. Olga opened the door and went into the house. On the table there were five plates. 2. Tom was ____ the room. He was standing ____ the cupboard. Tom was in the room. He was standing at the cupboard. 3. There was a thick carpet ___ the floor. The children sat down ____ the carpet and began to play. There was a thick carpet on the floor. The children sat down on the carpet and began to play. 4. It is winter now. There is snow ___ the ground. There is ice ___ the river. It is winter now. There is snow on the ground. There is ice on the river. 5. She went up ___ the blackboard, took the chalk and began writing ____ the blackboard. She went up to the blackboard, took the chalk and began writing on the blackboard. 6. The butter is ___ the table. Put it ___ the refrigerator. And now sit down ___t the table. There is some juice ___ this glass. Drink it and put the glass ___ the shelf. The butter is on the table. Put it into the refrigerator. And now sit down at the table. There is some juice in this glass. Drink it and put the glass on the shelf.
On.Into.To
On the table, on the chair, on the snow, on the bench, on the floor, on the sofa, on the desk, on the shelf..Into the room, into the kitchen, into the river, into the water, into the lake, into the wood, into the park, into the garden, into the pocket, into the box.To the room, to the park, to the cinema, to the countryside, to the library, to the river But: to school, to work, to bed, go home

There were two apples … the table, one of which fall … the stool. There were two apples on the table, one of which fell from the stool. We all were … the party but she decided to see who was … the kitchen. We all were at the party but she decided to see who was in the kitchen. 3. There is a lot of sightseeings … London so we have to move … this city next weekend. There is a lot of sightseeings in London so we have to move to this city next weekend. 4. She was standing … him looking at his green-brown eyes. She was standing near him looking at his green-brown eyes. 5. There are many students ___ the lecture today. There are many students at the lecture today. 6. We went ___ the theatre last evening. We went to the theatre last evening. 7. She went ___ the kitchen. - Она пошла в кухню. She went to the kitchen. 8. She went ___ the kitchen. - Она вошла в кухню. She went into the kitchen. 9. Were you ___ the concert yesterday? — No, we worked ____ the library and then we went ___ the park. Were you at the concert yesterday? — No, we worked at the library and then we went to the park.

Предлог.Значение.Пример
In.В пределах определенного объекта, пространства, предмета.In the world, in the car, in the kitchen, in Spain
At.Указывает на нахождение (на, при, в, за, у чего-либо).At the cinema, at the party, at the table
On.На чем-то, на какой-то поверхности.On the table, the picture on the wall
Чтобы обозначить сторону (слева, справа).On the left, on the right
На определенном этаже здания.On the second floor, on the third floor
Когда говорим о телевидении или радио.On the radio, on TV
Beside, next to, by.В непосредственной близости от чего-то.Katherine was dancing next to the stage (by, beside in the same meaning)
Under.Когда предмет расположен ниже чего-то или под чем-то.Her swimwear is under the shelf
Below.Расположен на уровень ниже чего-то.The roots are below the soil
Over.По движению вверх чего-то, через что-то, выше чего-то.The jacket over the dress, to fly over the river, to jump over the puddle
Above.Выше чего-то.A bridge above the valley
Across.На другую сторону, на другой стороне.To run across the field
Through.Проходить сквозь.Run through the tunnel
To.В направлении чего-то или кого-то.Go to Spain, go to the theatre, go to bed (в значении *ложиться спать*)
Into.По направлении, внутрь чего-то.Go into the giant box
Towards.Двигаться в направлении чего-то.Move straight towards the city
Onto.Двигаться к вершине чего-то.Jump onto the stool
From.Откуда-то, предлог служит обозначением исходной точки.From the village, from the river, from the lake.

Exercises
1. Put the frozen pizza ___ the oven for ten minutes. across into out of Put the frozen pizza into the oven for ten minutes. 2. A young man went ___ his door last night. out of along under A young man went out of his door last night. 3.The cat jumped ____ the sofa. In to from The cat jumped from the sofa. 4. We went _________ the restaurant. Towards down through We went towards the restaurant. 5. They put their bags ____ the chairs. Onto in under They put their bags under the chairs.

Exercises
Впишите в местах пропуска необходимые предлоги: There were two apples … the table, one of which fall … the stool. There were two apples on the table, one of which fell from the stool. We all were … the party but she decided to see who was … the kitchen. We all were at the party but she decided to see who was in the kitchen. 3. There is a lot of sightseeings … London so we have to move … this city next weekend. There is a lot of sightseeings in London so we have to move to this city next weekend. 4. She was standing … him looking at his green-brown eyes. She was standing near him looking at his green-brown eyes. 5. Is it far … here … the town centre? Is it far from here to the town centre? 6. My dad goes ____ work 5 times a week. My dad goes to work 5 times a week.

Prepositions of time. Предлоги времени.
Предлогов времени в английском языке немало, а правил и исключений еще больше. Поэтому эта тема вызывает много вопросов и трудностей. Поэтому сейчас мы рассмотрим основные правила употребления и разберем упражнения. Предлог At При указании точного времени: at one o’clock, at 9 p.m., at noon, at night, at midnight I started to work this morning at 8 am. Со словом time: at the same time, at bedtime, at lunch time. Our family gathers at breakfast time every morning. Предлог On С датами: on the 1st of July, on the 14th of March. We're flying to Paris on the 2nd of July. С днями недели: on Sunday, on Tuesday See you on Wednesday. С прилагательными + day: on a nice day On a warm day we usually go to the picnic.

Prepositions of time. Предлоги времени.
Предлог In При указания времени, необходимого для выполнения действия (за): in 3 hours I am planning to do this task in 2 hours. При указания времени до совершения какого-либо действия (через): They’ll come in 5 minutes. При указании времени суток: in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening. Исключение - At night. In the evening we are going to meet with friends. С месяцами: in January, in November We have holidays in January. С временами года: in winter, in spring. The leaves on the trees turn brown in Autumn. С годами: in 1955 (в 1955), in 2019 (в 2019). She moved to London in 1970. Со столетиями: in the 19th century (в 19 столетии). In the 22nd century we will live on Mars.

Exercises The banks close______ 5 pm. The museum open at 5 pm. 2. Please visit me ______ Sunday. Please visit me on Sunday. 3. Lisa was born ____ 2007. Lisa was born in 2007. 4. My sister’s birthday is ____ August. My sister’s birthday is in August. 5. We visit our grandparents ____ weekends. We visit our grandparents on weekends. 6. The meeting was organised ____ the 6th of December. The meeting was organised on the 6th of December. 7. ____ Monday we are having Maths test ____ the morning. On Monday we are having Maths test in the morning. 8. ____ Wednesday she is meeting Pamela ____ 7 o’clock. On Wednesday she is meeting Pamela at 7 o’clock. 9. Danny’s birthday is ____ 15th of March. Danny’s birthday is on 15th of March.

10. Are you usually ____ home ____ 7 o'clock ____ the evenings? Are you usually at home at 7 o'clock in the evenings? 11. Do you watch films ___night? Do you watch films at night? 12. Do you go shopping ____ Saturdays? Do you go shopping on Saturdays? 13. Do you go skiing ____ the winter? Do you go skiing in the winter? 14. When do you come home? ___ half past one. When do you come home? At half past one. 15. I rarely watch TV ____ the afternoon. I rarely watch TV in the afternoon. 16. We are going to meet ___ half past three. We are going to meet at half past three. 17. I usually play tennis ___ Sunday. I usually play tennis on Sunday. 18 I'm going to have a party ____ the weekend. I'm going to have a party at the weekend. 19. My school starts____8.00. My school starts at 8.00.

Ссылки
https://mulino58.ru/wp-content/uploads/2/f/7/2f7670088ca522d4b04bf29e97156f60.png  http://njnj.ru/answers/golitsinsky_answers(100-150).shtml#a137  https://svoimi-rukami-da.ru/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/2019-08-12_101011.jpg