Презентация - Ecology problems

Ecology Problems

Since ancient times nature has served man, being the source of his life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and it seemed to them that natural riches were unlimited. But with the development of civilization man’s interference in nature began to increase. Large cities with thousands of smoky industrial enterprises have appeared all over the world today. The byproduct of their activity pollutes the air we breathe, the water we drink, the land we grow grain and vegetables.

ECOLOGY PROBLEMS
AIR POLUTION
SOIL POLUTION
PLASTIC POLLUTION
WATER POLUTION
GLOBAL WARMING
OZONE DEPLETION
RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION

Not only nuclear power plants but many of our «peaceful» factories and towns cause a great damage to the environment. Dangerous dust and blow-outs of the enterprises are being carried out by winds for long distances destroying the life around. People all over the world are worried about what is happening to the environment. They understand that the earth is their home, a big green home. The environment protection should be our universal concern.

Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000 million tons of dust and harmful substances. Many cities suffer from smog. Vast forests are cut and burn in fire. Their disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. As a result some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever, a number of lakes and rivers dry up. The pollution of air and the world’s ocean destruction of the ozone layer is the result of man’s careless interaction with nature, a sign of ecological crises.
Siberian Tigers are on the verge of extinction.

Global Warming
Global warming process of the gradual increase fair-annual temperature of the atmosphere of the Land and World ocean.    The Scientists were defined: uncontrolled surges in atmosphere and other thoughtless behaviour of the person was a reason of the steady change the climate, capable completely to change the planet. The Danger of the global catastrophe has acknowledged the government and folk of the developed countries of the world.

Antarctic Glaciers Melting Rapidly
A new study of glaciers in a portion of the Antarctic finds 84 percent of them have retreated over the past 50 years in response to a warmer climate. The work was based on 2,000 aerial photos, some taken in the 1940s, and satellite images. The climate in the region has warmed by more than 4.5 degrees Fahrenheit (2.5 Celsius) in the last 50 years, the scientists said. "The widespread retreat of the glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula over the last 50 years was largely caused by climate change," said David Vaughan of the British Antarctic Survey in Cambridge.

The hole in the ozone layer
Ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation which is produced by the Sun. Ultraviolet radiation can damage cells of living things- plants, animals and people. The damage of ozone has been caused by complex chemical reactions involving chlorine and bromine.

Land degradation- soil pollution
Water and wind erosion are now the two primary causes of land degradation; combined, they are responsible for 84% of degraded acreage. Each year, about 75 billion tons of soil is eroded from the land—a rate that is about 13-40 times as fast as the natural rate of erosion.  Approximately 40% of the world's agricultural land is seriously degraded. According to the United Nations , an area of fertile soil the size of Ukraine is lost every year because of drought, deforestation and climate change.  In Africa, if current trends of soil degradation continue, the continent might be able to feed just 25% of its population by 2025, according to UNU's Ghana-based Institute for Natural Resources in Africa.

Soil pollution

The loss of soil fertility due to erosion is further problematic because the response is often to apply chemical fertilizers, which leads to further water and soil pollution, rather than to allow the land to regenerate.
World map indicating areas that are vulnerable to high rates of water erosion.

Water pollution

Approximate Decomposition Times in a Landfill
Traffic ticket..1 month
Banana peel..Up to 6 month
Wool sock..1 year
Wood stakes..4 years
Wax paper cup..5 years
Painted wooden stake..13 years
Tin cans..100 years
Aluminium cans, plastic bottles..Up to 500 years
Glass containers..never