Презентация - Presentation on the topic: uk shipbuilding industry

Presentation on the topic: UK shipbuilding industry
Completed by students of group T-4-019 Shestakov Daniil Ibragimov Ruslan

Content
World shipbuilding; World leaders in shipbuilding; Shipbuilding in Russia: Shipbuilding centers 2023 and main directions; Types of shipbuilding in Russia; Shipyards, shipbuilding cities in Russia; Shipbuilding centers 2023 in Russia; UK Shipbuilding Industry; Importance of the shipbuilding sector; Challenges faced by the shipbuilding industry; Problems UK shipbuilding; Conclusion.

World shipbuilding
Maritime trade has a strategic economic importance, because 80% of world trade by volume and more than 70% of its value are performed by seaborn trade. The world shipping fleet consists of bulk carriers, container ships, oil, gas, chemical tankers, ferries and passenger ships. In addition to such commercial ships, military navy-ships, power-ships and offshore platforms are also built in shipyards. Shipbuilding is a “strategic industry” not only in terms of world trade but also in terms of security and defence reasons.

The global shipbuilding market is expected to grow in future due to increasing seaborne trade and economic growth, rising energy consumption, demand of eco-friendly ships and shipping services. Because of these reasons, shipyards are concentrated on building lighter ships in shorter time, increasing the ship capacity by modifying the existing ships, renovating the old ships to increase their load-carrying capacity.

Shipbuilding is labour intensive industry, although there are many shipyards using robotic automation in their production phases. In some shipyards, partial-automation is impossible because of their tailor-made shipbuilding, where design is changing from one ship to the next one. As a result labour skill and labour time become increasingly important to have sustainable quality and cost in shipbuilding. Shipbuilding is performed indoor and outdoor sites in shipyards. Main indoor shipbuilding steps are; cutting, forming, assembly, grand-assembly and outdoor steps are; outfitting, painting, pre-erection, erection, testing and delivery of the ship. Plates, stiffeners, profiles and pipes are joined by welding, which is also the main manufacturing method in all assembly steps, outfitting and erection of panels and blocks. Welding process is chosen according to production type, place and shape of the joint, site and weather conditions. Main arc welding processes used in shipyards are; SMAW- shielded metal arc welding, GTAW – gas tungsten arc welding, FCAW- flux cored arc welding, SAW – submerged arc welding.

Various steels and non-ferrous alloys are welded in shipbuilding, e.g.; steel plates from medium strength to high strength steels for hull manufacture, armour plates in patriot vessels, navy ships, austenitic and duplex stainless steels for corrosion resistance purposes in chemical tanker sections and in yacht production, aluminium alloys in yacht and patriot vessels, pipes made of steel, stainless steel and copper alloys, for piping purposes. Performance of welding consumables and welding machines, in production conditions, are very important, to have high quality in welds and high efficiency in welding job.

Magmaweld has been serving the shipbuilding industry by following expectations and trends of the industry. With the support of specialists in the shipbuilding industry, he had the opportunity to learn in detail the expectations about welding by examining the production on site. Special welding machines used in shipbuilding or existing in ships during sailing, welding machine groups for ease of carrying on site, portable plasma cutting machines for weld joint preparation, abrasive and cutting discs for alignment and cleaning oxides in joint surfaces, ceramic backings to improve weld quality, wide variety of flux cored wires, submerged arc welding fluxes and wires to fulfil the mechanical and production expectation, are some examples.

Many years of experience and knowledge provide Magmaweld to develop and produce high-quality, reliable, portable, efficient and easy-to-use welding machines, welding consumables and ancillary products which meet ship building industry needs.

World leaders in shipbuilding
1. China (25,894 thousand tons) 2. South Korea (16,254 thousand tons) 3. Japan (9,585 thousand tons) 4. Italy (731 thousand tons) 5. France (594 thousand tons) 6. Vietnam (444 thousand tons) 7. Philippines (396 thousand tons) 8. Germany (321 thousand tons) 9. Russia (252 thousand tons) 10. Finland (245 thousand tons)

Shipbuilding in Russia: Shipbuilding centers 2023 and main directions
Shipbuilding is one of the most important industries of the Russian Federation, performing a strategic function in ensuring national security, developing transport infrastructure and ensuring navigation. In recent years, Russian shipbuilding has experienced significant modernization, which has made it possible to expand the number of ships produced and raise the industry to a high technological level.

Types of shipbuilding in Russia
Military shipbuilding: The main direction of development of shipbuilding in Russia is the creation of naval ships and vessels of various classes (submarines, corvettes, frigates, destroyers, large landing ships and others). Military shipbuilding plays a key role in ensuring the country's defense potential.

Civil shipbuilding: This area includes the creation and modernization of ships and vessels for civil needs, such as passenger ships, cargo ships, icebreakers, coast guard vessels and others. Civil shipbuilding, in turn, is divided into river and sea, depending on the use of vessels on inland waterways or on the high seas.

Shipyards, shipbuilding cities in Russia
In Russia there are many shipbuilding enterprises located in various regions of the country. However, the main centers of the shipbuilding industry are located in the following cities: St. Petersburg: Admiralty Shipyards, Northern Shipyard, Baltic Shipyard - shipbuilding; Kaliningrad: Yantarny Shipyard; Astrakhan: Astrakhan Shipyard, “Lotos”; Vladivostok: Dalzavod named after “50 years of October”; Nizhny Novgorod: Krasnoe Sormovo; Volgograd: Volzhsky Shipyard.

Shipbuilding centers 2023 in Russia
In 2023, further development and modernization of the Russian shipbuilding industry is planned. In particular, special attention will be paid to the following shipbuilding centers: Zvezda: Located in the Primorsky Territory, this shipbuilding complex is one of the most modern and promising civil shipbuilding projects in Russia. It is planned to develop and produce sea vessels for use in the Far North and Arctic conditions. Kerch Shipyard “Zaliv”: The plant has a long history of development and today specializes in the modular construction of ships of various classes. In 2023, it is planned to deliver several large ships and vessels for the needs of the Russian Ministry of Defense and civilian customers. Admiralty Shipyards, St. Petersburg: Several new vessels and ships are planned to be launched next year, including icebreakers for operation in Arctic conditions. Astrakhan ship repair plant "Lotos": This plant plans to actively participate in the construction of ships for work on the Caspian Sea and the Volga branch, as well as strengthen its position in the ship repair market. Khabarovsk Shipyard named after Lenin Komsomol: Located in the Russian Far East, the plant plans to expand production of border and patrol vessels for government agencies and civilian customers by 2023. Ulyanovsk Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Plant: The plant plans to supply new river-class icebreakers for the Federal Agency of Russian Inland Waterways (Rosmorrechflot) and will continue to develop specialized vessels for the transportation of dangerous goods.

UK Shipbuilding Industry
The shipbuilding industry deals with the production of larger (mainly seagoing) vessels intended for the merchant fleet (cargo or passenger transport), the off-shore energy industry or military purposes. It also includes products and services supplied for the building, conversion, and maintenance of these ships. The European Commission promotes the industry’s development and addresses competitiveness issues it faces.

Importance of the shipbuilding sector
The European shipbuilding industry is a dynamic and competitive sector. It is important from both an economic and social perspective. It is also linked to other sectors including transport, security, energy, research, and the environment. There are about 150 large shipyards in Europe. Around 40 of them are active in the global market for large seagoing commercial vessels; Some 120,000 people are employed by shipyards (civil and naval, new building, and repair yards) in the EU; With a market share of around 6% in terms of tonnage and 35% for marine equipment, Europe is a major player in the global shipbuilding industry (total turnover of EUR 60 billion in 2012); Shipbuilding is an important and strategic industry in a number of EU countries. Shipyards contribute significantly to regional industrial infrastructure and national security interests (military shipbuilding). The European shipbuilding industry is the global leader in the construction of complex vessels, such as cruise ships, ferries, mega-yachts, and dredgers. It also has a strong position in the building of submarines and other naval vessels. The European marine equipment industry is a world leader for a wide range of products ranging from propulsion systems, large diesel engines, environmental, and safety systems, to cargo handling and electronics.

Challenges faced by the shipbuilding industry
The sector faces fierce international competition from countries like China and South Korea. The industry has also suffered from the absence of effective global trade rules and state supported over investment. This is because shipyards offer a wide range of technologies, employ a significant number of workers, and generate foreign currency income, due to the fact the global shipbuilding market is dollar-based.

Problems UK shipbuilding
The UK Ministry of Defense has announced radical changes in the technology of building ships for the Royal Navy. Proposals made by industrialist Sir John Parker in his 2016 review of the shipbuilding sector were supported by Defense Secretary Sir Michael Fallon. Their goal was to make the ships being built for the Royal Navy attractive to foreign buyers.

Previously, the UK also followed the path of searching for innovative technical solutions in the construction of both surface and submarine ships for the Navy. Such innovations were of significant interest to the fleets of foreign countries. Thus, on the Trafalgar-class nuclear submarine, the propeller was replaced by a water-jet propulsion unit, which allowed for a sharp reduction in the noise of the submarine. This innovation was borrowed and applied on the US Navy's Seawolf-class multi-purpose nuclear submarines and the Borei-class nuclear submarines, as well as on the Alrosa-class diesel submarines in the Russian Navy. Britain will buy five Project 31 multi-role frigates, ships built on slashed budgets, to bolster its ailing fleet, according to the National Shipbuilding Strategy. Commissioning of the first frigate is scheduled for 2023.

Sir John recommended that the new ships be built in shipyards across the country using modular construction methods developed when building the Queen Elizabeth class aircraft carriers. Such methods involved forming giant blocks at various British shipyards and then towing them to Rosyth in Scotland, where they were assembled to form the hull of a ship with a displacement of 65 thousand tons by BAE Systems, Babcock and Thales, collaborating with the Ministry of Defense.
The UK's new aircraft carriers are being built using the block method. View of one of the blocks before docking and installation in Rosyth.

Support for his recommendations will threaten BAE's virtual monopoly on the construction of ships for the Navy, opening the market for other companies, and therefore concerns are expressed about the preservation of jobs at the largest shipbuilding shipyard, the main facilities of which are concentrated in Glasgow on the river. Clyde. In announcing its plans, the UK Ministry of Defense announced a £250 million commitment to build each ship, revealing in its latest report that the Government would only order eight Project 26 frigates and a further number of Project 31 frigates. Project 26 frigates are more powerful warships than Project 31 frigates, but their price is much higher.

A key point in Sir John's report is the construction of ships of interest to foreign buyers, thereby financing English shipbuilders. Another recommendation was to change the approach to replacing ships after their service life expired. The Ministry of Defense was asked to immediately purchase new ships, rather than extend the service life of outdated ships with expensive overhauls, since this gives rise to doubts among shipbuilding companies about the receipt of new orders with all the ensuing consequences. The maximum cost of one frigate was set at 250 million pounds sterling, since, according to experts, this is the optimal price for attracting export orders. Some defense commentators question the usefulness of building "low-cost" ships and believe that, lacking the powerful weapons systems and expensive equipment installed on similar ships from other countries, they will become floating targets on the battlefield.

Conclusion
The global shipbuilding industry is valued at a staggering $100 billion, according to a December 2006 Bloomberg report. It is not surprising that 80% of world trade volume is transported by sea (UNCTAD, 2009). In addition, ships of all types ply the world's oceans and perform a huge number of different tasks. These include cargo transportation, dredging, search and rescue, environmental cleanup, oil and gas exploration and production, cable and pipe laying, scientific research, fisheries, project construction, tourism, military operations and patrol, and much more. Shipbuilding is an important industry that balances supply and demand in the merchant shipping sector. When the demand for a certain type of cargo is high, the demand for a ship carrying that cargo will rise accordingly. Vessel owners and operators in this industry will place orders with shipyards that specialize in this type of vessel, and the shipyards will begin construction. Given the demand-driven nature of shipping, it can be said to reflect the health of the global economy and trade. Thus, the shipbuilding industry provides a reasonable idea of ​​the state of the global economy. Indeed, there is a significant direct link between the dynamics of shipbuilding and the global economy and trade. Shipbuilding volumes increase when the level of international trade increases. Likewise, shipbuilding is among the first to suffer from downturns when the global economy collapses. This places shipbuilding among the most important economic activities in the world. Shipbuilding is a reliable barometer of economic activity.

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